Prohibition of Observing an Optional Saum (Fast) by a Woman without the Permission of her Husband

باب تحريم صوم المرأة وزوجها حاضر إلا بإذنه

This chapter touches the give-and-take of married life, where even acts of worship are weighed against a spouse's rights. Its single hadith speaks of a wife taking on an optional fast while her husband is present at home.

The wider point is consideration within marriage: voluntary devotions are good, but they should not quietly override what a husband and wife owe each other. Where the finer conditions lie is a matter for scholars.

Hadith 1750

Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said:

عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‏:‏ ‏ "‏لا يحل للمرأة أن تصوم وزوجها شاهد إلا بإذنه، ولا تأذن في بيته إلا بإذنه‏" ‏ ‏(‏‏(‏متفق عليه‏)‏‏)‏‏.‏

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "It is not lawful for a woman to observe an optional Saum (fast) without the permission of her husband when he is at home. Nor should she allow anyone to enter his house without his permission." [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

In plain words

The hadith states that a wife should not take on a voluntary fast while her husband is at home without his agreement, and should not let others into his house without his leave. It teaches mutual consideration within the marriage.

Reference : Riyad as-Salihin 1750 In-book reference : Book 17, Hadith 240