All of the Seerah

The Seerah · Day 60 · The Trench and Hudaybiyyah

The Battle of the Trench, part 4

The night Allah sent the wind

5 AH, the last nights of the siege Madinah
Retold from Dr. Yasir Qadhi's Seerah seriesWatch the original

By now the siege of Madinah is almost a month old. Ten thousand men are camped beyond the trench, the Quraysh on one side, the tribe of Ghatafan on another, and inside the city the treaty with Banu Qurayza has quietly collapsed. The Muslims are cold, hungry, outnumbered, and watching every horizon at once. And then, with no sword drawn, the whole alliance begins to come apart.

Today is the night Allah ended it. It turns on three people you should know by name: a man who became Muslim out of nowhere on the darkest night of the war, a companion sent alone into the enemy camp, and above them both, the One who sends the wind.

The man Islam found in the dark

On one of the last nights of the siege, a man named Nuaym ibn Masud walked out of the confederate camp and into Madinah, and he could not fully explain why. He tells his own story in the first person, and Dr. Yasir Qadhi lingers on it because it is so unusual: he says Allah simply threw Islam into his heart, as if from nowhere. One night he is a pagan camped with the besieging army; the next he is crossing the lines to find the Prophet ﷺ.

Of all ten thousand men outside the city, Nuaym was uniquely placed. He was from Ghatafan, one of the besieging tribes. He used to drink and dine with the leaders of Banu Qurayza and buy his dates from them. And he had some old, neutral dealing with the Prophet ﷺ himself, enough that when he came in and waited for the prayer to end, the Prophet ﷺ knew his face and asked him why he had come. Every party in this war trusted him a little, and no party suspected him. He had no idea what that was worth. Allah did.

Permission to deceive, never to betray

Nuaym offered his services, but admitted no one knew he had become Muslim. The Prophet ﷺ told him to do what he saw best: war, after all, is deception. Here Dr. Yasir Qadhi stops to draw a line he will not let blur, the same line he drew the week before. Islam, like every people who have ever gone to war, permits deceit in battle: you may feint, mislead, leave a false impression. What Islam forbids absolutely is treachery. To swear a covenant, to write a contract, to give your word of protection while intending in your heart to break it, that is haram by consensus, and the Prophet ﷺ never once did it.

Deceit is indicating one thing and meaning another in the open game of war. Treachery is betraying a promise you actually made. Keep that distinction; the entire next episode, the fate of Banu Qurayza, will rest on it. What Nuaym was about to do was clever deception against an enemy who had given no covenant, not the breaking of any oath.

How the alliance came apart

Nuaym went first to Banu Qurayza, since he was already inside the city. He warned them, as a friend: the Quraysh and Ghatafan are far from home, and if the fighting turns hard they can simply ride away, leaving you alone in this city with Muhammad ﷺ forever. Protect yourselves, he said. Do not fight until they hand you noblemen as hostages, men they cannot abandon.

Then he slipped across to Abu Sufyan and the Quraysh and told them the opposite secret, in confidence, because, he said, our friendship demands it. Banu Qurayza, he warned, are having second thoughts and want to make peace with Muhammad ﷺ. They have offered him seventy of your nobles as a peace offering. So when they ask you for hostages, beware, especially if they ask for your leading men, because those are the heads they have promised to hand over. He told Ghatafan the same thing about themselves.

It was a single rumour, told three ways, and it was devastating. Each ally now read the other's reasonable request as the proof of a deadly plot. The siege that ten thousand men could not break, one new Muslim unstitched in a night, simply by telling each side the truth it was most afraid of.

Saturday, and a quarrel that would not heal

It worked exactly as Nuaym intended. Banu Qurayza sent word that they would not move until Quraysh handed over seventy noble hostages. Abu Sufyan, already warned, swore he would not give them so much as a single baby camel, let alone seventy of his nobles, convinced now that the moment he did, those men would be executed and delivered to Muhammad ﷺ. Each side took the other's caution as betrayal, and the suspicion only deepened.

Then Abu Sufyan forced the issue: everyone attacks tomorrow morning, no more delay, a surprise assault from all sides before any warning could reach the Prophet ﷺ. But the messengers reached Banu Qurayza on a Friday, and the next day was the Sabbath. Banu Qurayza refused to fight on Saturday and asked to wait until Sunday, and even then would not move without their hostages. To the Quraysh, who had never lived alongside the Jews and had never heard of a day on which one does no work at all, this sounded like a transparent lie, a stall to buy time to warn Muhammad ﷺ. Even Huyayy ibn Akhtab, the man who had dragged Banu Qurayza into the war, could not talk them out of it; they told him they would rather be killed than break their Sabbath. Abu Sufyan flew into a rage, certain he was being made a fool of. The alliance was finished, and not a single arrow had decided it.

The night the Prophet ﷺ asked for a volunteer

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اذْكُرُوا نِعْمَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ جَاءَتْكُمْ جُنُودٌ فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ رِيحًا وَجُنُودًا لَّمْ تَرَوْهَا ۚ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرًا

“O you who have believed, remember the favor of Allāh upon you when armies came to [attack] you and We sent upon them a wind and armies [of angels] you did not see. And ever is Allāh, of what you do, Seeing.”

Surah al-Ahzab 33:9 Read 33:9 with tafsir

That same Friday night, the weather turned into the worst the companions had ever known. A freezing wind came howling through the camp, gathering into something close to a storm, dark and bitter and screaming like thunder. After a month of hunger, dirty water, and a handful of dates, the believers were exhausted to the bone. And in that darkness the Prophet ﷺ stood up and asked: who will go and bring me news of the enemy, and he will be my companion in Jannah?

No one answered. He asked a second time. Silence. A third time, and still not one man rose, not from cowardice but from sheer cold and exhaustion and dread. Years later, an old companion named Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman would tell this story to a room of young men who had boasted that, had they been there, they would have carried the Prophet ﷺ on their backs. He silenced them with it. He described that night: the Quraysh above them, Banu Qurayza below, their own families behind them, a darkness so thick a man could not see his own fingers, and a wind that ripped the cooking pots off the fires. Nobody, he told them, said a word.

Then the Prophet ﷺ called him by name. Hudhayfah, with an honesty that is the whole point of the story, says he had no choice then but to get up, and admits he rose shivering and afraid. The Prophet ﷺ told him to bring back news but to give nothing away, and made a du'a over him: O Allah, protect him from before him and behind him, from his right and his left, from above him and below. And Hudhayfah says every trace of fear left his heart.

Inside the enemy camp

Hudhayfah walked out into the storm and somehow found the camp. He chose Hudhayfah for this with the wisdom of a man who knew exactly which of his companions fit which task: he could not send Abu Bakr or Umar or Uthman or Ali, faces the Quraysh would recognize at once. Hudhayfah was not Qurayshi, had not fought at Badr, and had arrived too late at Uhud to be known by sight. He could walk into the lion's den unseen.

He slipped through the crowd to where a figure sat surrounded like a leader, and worked out it must be Abu Sufyan. He had a clear shot and reached for an arrow, then remembered the order: give nothing away. He lowered it. Then Abu Sufyan stood and called for every man to take the hand of whoever sat beside him and confirm he was one of their own, because, in that pitch dark, no one could be sure. Quick as anything, Hudhayfah grabbed the hands of the men on either side of him first, asking who are you, who are you, so that by the time anyone could ask him, the question had already passed. Then Abu Sufyan gave up. Our animals are dying, he said, the wind will not even let us keep a fire lit, Banu Qurayza have betrayed us, and I am leaving whatever the rest of you do. He mounted his camel and rode, and the army broke up behind him. Hudhayfah had one last clear shot at him, defenceless on the rising camel, and let it go, because the Prophet ﷺ had told him only to watch.

The wind of mercy

Hudhayfah came back through the storm and found the Prophet ﷺ doing what he always did when something weighed on him: praying. He had been standing in the cold in a blanket, begging Allah. The companions preserved that du'a: O Allah, Revealer of the Book, swift in reckoning, defeat the confederates; O Allah, defeat them and shake them. He had asked for help by name, asked Allah to send the armies of the wind and the clouds. And Allah answered with exactly the storm that was now tearing the enemy camp apart. When the Prophet ﷺ saw Hudhayfah shivering, he drew him into the blanket at his feet until the prayer was done, and only then took the good news.

Here Dr. Yasir Qadhi shares a detail that turns the whole night tender. The Prophet ﷺ later said: Allah aided me with the wind of the Saba, and the people of Ad were destroyed by the wind of the Dabur. The Saba is the gentle wind, the one the scholars say carries the scent of mercy and gathers the clouds for rain. The Dabur is the harsher wind that wiped out a nation. Allah could have sent the destroying wind and ended the Quraysh entirely. He sent the merciful one instead, enough to scatter them and break the siege, but not to kill them, because He knew His Prophet's ﷺ love for his people and that most of these very men, Abu Sufyan among them, would one day be guided to Islam. Even in His armies against an enemy, Allah was being kind to them.

The siege that ended without a sword

By morning the confederates were gone. Not a tent left standing, not a pot, not a fire. Ten thousand men, the largest army Arabia had ever raised against the Muslims, withdrew having killed barely a handful and gained nothing at all, humiliated in a way the Arabs would not forget. And the Prophet ﷺ said the words that mark the turning of the entire seerah: from now on we will march on them, and they will never again march on us. After the Trench, Quraysh would never lay siege to Madinah again.

What had won it? Before any tactic, Dr. Yasir Qadhi says, it was the iman of the believers and the du'a of the Prophet ﷺ. They were asked only to hold their ground and prove their faith, and Allah did the rest: He fulfilled His promise, aided His servant, and defeated the confederates alone. After this the Muslims would repeat the words we still say today, that Allah is true to His promise and sufficient for the believers. Around that core Allah arranged the rest like a master: the impossible conversion of Nuaym at the perfect hour, the Quraysh's ignorance of the Sabbath, a month-long siege that ground the enemy's morale to nothing, and finally the wind and the unseen army of angels. One new Muslim, one brave companion, and one merciful wind, and the siege was over.

But the war had left one piece on the board. Banu Qurayza had broken their treaty and sided with the enemy from inside the city, and they knew, even now, what that meant. Their own men had said it aloud during the siege: if the others leave, there is nothing left for us but the sword. That reckoning comes tomorrow, and it is one of the most misunderstood moments in the whole seerah.

A dua from this day

Allahumma munzil al-kitab, sari'a al-hisab, ihzim al-ahzab

O Allah, Revealer of the Book, swift in reckoning, defeat the confederates.

What this day teaches

The last night of the Trench is full of guidance the Sheikh draws out for us. A few threads to carry from it.

  • Guidance is Allah's to give, suddenly.

    Nuaym had no Muslim around him, no obvious reason, no warning. Allah threw Islam into his heart on the darkest night of the war. Never write anyone off, and never assume a heart is too far gone for Him to reach.

  • Deceive an enemy if you must, but never betray a trust.

    The Sheikh's line is sharp: Islam allows the feints of war but forbids treachery absolutely. A promise made is a promise kept, even to an opponent. Keep that line clean in your own dealings.

  • Be honest even when no one is watching.

    Hudhayfah told the story exactly as it happened, admitting his own fear and that he only rose because he was named. He had no witness to correct him, and still he would not flatter himself. That honesty is what makes him a man worth following.

  • When every door closes, stand and pray.

    On the worst night of the siege, the Prophet ﷺ was found praying in a blanket in the cold. When something weighed on him, he turned straight to Allah. Make that your reflex too: when the doors of the world shut, the door of Allah is open.

  • Hold your ground and let Allah fight for you.

    The believers were asked only to stay and keep their faith; Allah broke the siege Himself with a wind. Do your part with sincerity and trust Him with the outcome that is His alone.

Why this day stays with you

The Battle of the Trench ends not with a charge but with a wind, and that is the lesson. The believers were starving, frozen, and outnumbered ten to one, and they were asked for one thing only: to hold, and to trust. They held. And Allah dismantled the greatest army Arabia had ever assembled using a secret convert no one expected, a quarrel over a Saturday, a single brave companion in the dark, and a gust of mercy in the night. Not one of those pieces looked like a weapon. Together they were the end of the siege.

So when your own siege feels endless, remember the man praying in a blanket in the cold, and remember what he prayed. O Allah, Revealer of the Book, swift in reckoning, defeat what gathers against us; O Allah, You who are true to Your promise and sufficient for those who trust You, send Your help when we have done our part and can do no more, and let us be of those who hold their ground until the wind comes. Allahumma salli wa sallim ala nabiyyina Muhammad ﷺ. Ameen.

Questions

Who was Nuaym ibn Masud and what did he do at the Trench?
Nuaym ibn Masud was a man from the tribe of Ghatafan who became Muslim during the last nights of the siege, in secret. Trusted by Banu Qurayza, by the Quraysh, and known to the Prophet ﷺ, he used that unique position to spread the same rumour three ways, convincing each ally that the others were about to betray them. His deception broke the confederate alliance from within without a battle.
What is the difference between deceit and treachery in war?
Dr. Yasir Qadhi stresses this carefully. Deceit is misleading an enemy in the open contest of war, indicating one thing while intending another, and every people allows it. Treachery is breaking a covenant or promise you actually made. Islam permits the first and forbids the second by consensus; the Prophet ﷺ never broke a pledge he had given.
Why did Banu Qurayza refuse to fight on Saturday?
The Sabbath was a binding command for them, part of their law, and they would not break it even under pressure, telling Huyayy ibn Akhtab they would rather be killed than violate it. The Quraysh, who had never lived alongside the Jews and had never heard of such a day, took the refusal as a deceitful stall, which deepened the collapse of the alliance.
What is the wind of the Saba that ended the siege?
The Prophet ﷺ said Allah aided him with the wind of the Saba, while the people of Ad were destroyed by the wind of the Dabur. The Saba is the gentle wind associated with mercy and rain; the Dabur is the harsher, destroying wind. Allah sent the merciful one against the confederates, enough to scatter them but not to destroy them, because most would later be guided to Islam.
What happened to Banu Qurayza after the Trench?
Banu Qurayza had broken their treaty and sided with the besieging army from inside Madinah. With the siege lifted, that betrayal had to be answered, and their own men had already said during the war that if the confederates left, nothing awaited them but the sword. Their reckoning is the subject of the next episode, one of the most misunderstood events in the seerah.

Retold faithfully from Dr. Yasir Qadhi's Seerah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, episode 60: the Battle of the Trench, part 4 (Memphis Islamic Center, 2013). Qur'an: Sahih International, verified via quran.ai. The narration is the Sheikh's, the phrasing is Buruja's.

Carry it today

Guidance is Allah's to give, suddenly.

Nuaym had no Muslim around him, no obvious reason, no warning. Allah threw Islam into his heart on the darkest night of the war. Never write anyone off, and never assume a heart is too far gone for Him to reach.

What stayed with you?

A private note, kept only on this device. Find it again on your journey page.

Watch the lecture

This retelling is drawn from Dr. Yasir Qadhi's Seerah series. Watch the original on YouTube:

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