All hadith qudsi

The 40 Hadith Qudsi · Hadith 39

Paradise and Hell-fire disputed

Mercy and justice, each filled

عَنْ أَبي سَعيدٍ الْخُدْريّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَن النَّبِيّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلَّمَ قَالَ : احْتَجَّتِ الجَنَّةُ والنَّارُ فَقَالتِ النَّارُ : فِيَّ الجَبَّارونَ والمُتكَبَّرونَ وَقَالتِ الجَنَّةُ : فِيّ ضُعَفاءُ النَّاسِ ومساكينُهُمْ فَقَضَى اللهُ بَيْنَهُما : إِنَّكِ الجَنَّةُ رَحْمَتِي أَرْحَمُ بِكِ مَنْ أَشاءُ، وإنكِ النارُ عذابي ، أُعَذِبُ بِكِ من أشاءُ ، وَلِكلَيْكُما عَلَيَّ مِلْؤُها (

Paradise and Hell-fire disputed together, and Hell-fire said: In me are the mighty and the haughty. Paradise said: In me are the weak and the poor. So Allah judged between them, [saying]: You are Paradise, My mercy; through you I show mercy to those I wish. And you are Hell-fire, My punishment; through you I punish those I wish, and it is incumbent upon Me that each of you shall have its fill.

On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), who said that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:

Paradise and the Fire each made their case. The Fire said: in me are the tyrants and the proud. Paradise said: in me are the weak and the lowly of the people. And Allah said to Paradise: you are My mercy, through you I show mercy to whom I will; and to the Fire: you are My punishment, through you I punish whom I will; and upon each of you is My pledge that it shall be filled.

Where this hadith comes from

This is a hadith qudsi, a sacred saying in which the Prophet (peace be upon him) reports the very words of Allah, words that are not part of the Qur'an. It is narrated by Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (ra) and recorded by Muslim (and by al-Bukhari), graded sahih and agreed upon by the two foremost collectors.

Its concern is pure creed: the two great abodes of the Hereafter and the two attributes they make visible. Allah names Paradise 'My mercy' and the Fire 'My punishment,' and He pledges that each will be filled. The lesson sits squarely in knowing Allah by both His mercy and His justice.

The key words

What it means, line by line

Allah pictures Paradise and the Fire each pressing a claim. The Fire says, 'In me are the mighty and the haughty,' the tyrants and the proud who trampled others. Paradise says, 'In me are the weak and the poor,' the humble and overlooked of the people. So Allah judges between them and names each: 'You are Paradise, My mercy,' and 'You are Hell-fire, My punishment.'

Then He claims both as His own instruments: through Paradise He shows mercy to whom He wills, and through the Fire He punishes whom He wills, and He pledges that each shall have its fill. So the Hereafter is not two rival powers but one Lord whose mercy and justice both find their people. The verse below shows that destined mercy: the God-fearing driven to Paradise in honoured groups, its gates opened, its keepers greeting them with peace.

Two names of the same Lord

Notice what Allah calls each abode: Paradise is 'My mercy,' the Fire is 'My punishment.' Both are His, both express who He is. He is ar-Rahman, the Most Merciful, and He is also al-'Adl, the perfectly Just, and al-Muntaqim from those who persist in oppression. To know Allah truly is to hold both: a mercy vaster than we can grasp, and a justice that the tyrant and the arrogant will not escape. Faith that clings only to one and forgets the other is incomplete.

Between fear and hope

This is why the believer walks between two wings: fear of Allah's justice and hope in His mercy. Too much fear tips into despair; too much hope tips into heedlessness. The Fire claimed the proud and the tyrants, a warning to check our own arrogance and cruelty. Paradise claimed the weak and the overlooked, a comfort to everyone the world steps over. Live, then, humble before His justice and hopeful in His mercy, and aim your whole life at the abode He named after His mercy.

Carry this with you

Hold His mercy and His justice together, and walk between fear and hope.

  • Both abodes are His.

    Paradise is 'My mercy,' the Fire is 'My punishment.' Each expresses who Allah is.

  • Know Him fully.

    He is the Most Merciful and the perfectly Just. Faith that clings to only one is incomplete.

  • Walk between fear and hope.

    Too much fear is despair; too much hope is heedlessness. The believer keeps both wings.

  • Mercy is His goal for you.

    The Fire claimed the proud; Paradise, the overlooked. Aim your life at the abode He named after His mercy.

A du'a to carry

رَبَّنَا ظَلَمْنَآ أَنفُسَنَا وَإِن لَّمْ تَغْفِرْ لَنَا وَتَرْحَمْنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلْخَٰسِرِينَ

Rabbana zalamna anfusana wa in lam taghfir lana wa tarhamna lanakunanna mina-l-khasirin

Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and have mercy upon us, we will surely be among the losers. (Al-A'raf 7:23)

A du'a between fear and hope

Mercy and justice are not rivals in Allah; they are two truths of one Lord. The wise believer fears the justice enough to leave sin, and hopes in the mercy enough to never give up, and walks his whole life toward the abode of mercy.

O Allah, we have wronged ourselves. By Your justice we have no claim, so by Your mercy receive us. Make us of the people of Paradise, the abode of Your mercy, and shield us from the Fire. Ameen.

The hadith qudsi is from sunnah.com: 'Paradise and Hell-fire disputed together...' narrated by Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (ra), recorded by Muslim (also al-Bukhari), graded sahih (agreed upon). The supporting Qur'an (7:23) is in Uthmani script verified via quran.ai (ar-uthmani-minimal) with the Saheeh International translation. Per the editorial policy this stays with the creed (Allah's mercy and justice). FOR SCHOLAR REVIEW before publication.

Questions

What is the meaning of Paradise and the Fire 'disputing'?
It is a way of showing the nature of each: the Fire associated with the proud and the tyrants, Paradise with the humble and the lowly. Allah then declares Paradise to be the embodiment of His mercy and the Fire of His justice, each fulfilling His purpose and being filled by His decree.
Why does Allah call Paradise 'My mercy' and the Fire 'My punishment'?
To teach that both flow from Him and reflect His attributes: His boundless mercy and His perfect justice. Knowing Allah truly means holding both, hoping in His mercy while standing in awe of His justice, rather than emphasising one and forgetting the other.
What is the lesson for the believer?
To live between fear and hope: humble before Allah's justice (which the proud and cruel will face) and hopeful in His mercy (which embraces the humble and overlooked). The believer checks his own arrogance, treats the weak well, and aims for the abode Allah named after His mercy.

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