All of the Seerah

The Seerah · Day 81 · Khaybar to the Conquest

The conquest of Makkah, part 6

The aftermath, the pledge, and the adhan from the roof of the Ka'bah

8 AH, the days after the city surrendered Makkah
Retold from Dr. Yasir Qadhi's Seerah seriesWatch the original

The gates are open. The idols are down. The amnesty has been given, and the man they exiled is the master of the city that exiled him. So what does a conqueror do with a city that is finally his? For nineteen quiet days, the Prophet ﷺ shows you, and almost none of it looks like conquest.

This is the close of the long Makkah arc, six days that carried him ﷺ from the broken treaty back to the courtyard of the Ka'bah. Today is the aftermath: the last few who came home to Islam, a tent pitched in the valley of his worst memory, the sanctity he restored to the haram, and the moment a whole peninsula tilted toward him. Then, gently, the first hint that his work on earth was almost done.

The last ones home

Two more came in at the very end, and they tell you what the conquest was really for. The first was Umm Hani, the Prophet's ﷺ own cousin, a daughter of Abu Talib and full sister of Ali. She had known him since childhood and embraced Islam only now, at the conquest. Two of her in-laws, men with old blood between them and Ali, had fled in terror that he would take revenge, and when they had nowhere left to run they begged her for shelter. So she locked her door on her own brother and kept them safe inside. Ali was enraged. The next morning she went straight to the Prophet ﷺ, who was finishing a ghusl behind a cloth held up by his daughter Fatima, and when he heard her name he lowered the cloth and said: welcome, Umm Hani. She poured out the whole story. His answer set a rule that still astonishes: we grant protection to whomever you have granted it.

Dr. Yasir Qadhi stops you on how open that law is. Any Muslim, man or woman, free or slave, can extend a personal pledge of safety, an aman, to any person, and the entire community is bound to honor it. A single woman's word held the whole army back. It was unprecedented in its age, and it grew out of a faith that came to gather people in, not to settle scores.

The second was the man who had spent years trying to keep people out. Abdullah ibn al-Zibara was the official poet of the Quraysh, the voice that had hurled verse after verse at the Muslims through Badr and Uhud, trading blows with Hassan ibn Thabit while Jibril stood with Hassan. When Makkah fell he fled to Najran, and Hassan wrote a scathing poem about the coward who ran. But the poem landed somewhere it was never aimed. Ibn al-Zibara read it and agreed: he had run, he had been a coward, and lying there in a strange city he began to turn the message itself over in his mind. Within days he packed to come home a Muslim. His cousin protested that he was being abandoned in a foreign land, and he answered: why would I stay among strangers when I can return to my own kin, my cousin who is the best of all mankind?

I see the light of faith in him

Picture the scene the Sheikh draws. The Prophet ﷺ is sitting before the Ka'bah with the companions when a figure appears far off on the road. Before anyone can tense, he ﷺ says: that is Ibn al-Zibara, and I see upon him the light of faith. So no one speaks. And before the Prophet ﷺ can say a word, the poet reaches him and says it himself: peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allah. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and that you are the Messenger of Allah.

Then he confessed the whole campaign of his life, and even in translation the Sheikh asks you to feel the weight of it: I rode horses and traveled on camels and walked on foot to oppose you. I fled to Najran to escape you. And still Allah wanted good for me. He spoke of the shame of worshipping a stone that cannot think, that does not even know it is being worshipped. The Prophet ﷺ told him what he told them all: Islam erases everything that came before it. And for the rest of his life the poet who had attacked Islam composed poem after poem in its praise, until one day the Prophet ﷺ took off his own cloak and laid it over his shoulders, an honor he gave to almost no one.

Two latecomers, a woman who sheltered her enemies and a poet who had cursed the Prophet ﷺ in public, and both folded into the mercy without a word of reproach. That is the texture of the days after the conquest.

A tent in the valley of the boycott

He ﷺ stayed in Makkah nineteen days, Bukhari's count, which the Sheikh follows over the others. And he had nowhere of his own to stay. Ali asked why they would not simply return to the family home, the house the Prophet ﷺ had grown up in. The answer was a fair man's answer: did Aqil leave us any house to return to? When Abu Talib died still upon the religion of his fathers, his estate passed to the sons who had not embraced Islam, and one of them later sold all of it. A Muslim does not inherit from a disbeliever, and the Prophet ﷺ would not seize back property that had been lawfully sold. So the conqueror of the city had no house in it.

What he did instead is one of the quiet wonders of the seerah. He pitched a tent at a place called al-Hujun, a small valley five minutes from the Ka'bah that every Makkan knows to this day. And al-Hujun was not just any spot. Al-Hujun was where the Quraysh had once gathered in secret to sign the document of the boycott, the cruelest thing they ever did to him and to his clan, the years of hunger behind a sealed agreement. The lowest place in his memory. Now he returns to that exact ground, not as the besieged but as the undisputed master of Makkah. Dr. Yasir Qadhi will not let you miss the justice of it: Allah tested him in this valley, and in this same valley Allah honored him. From the lowest of the low to the highest of the high, in the precise place it had hurt the most.

He gave the haram back its sanctity

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَيَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَالْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ الَّذِي جَعَلْنَاهُ لِلنَّاسِ سَوَاءً الْعَاكِفُ فِيهِ وَالْبَادِ ۚ وَمَن يُرِدْ فِيهِ بِإِلْحَادٍ بِظُلْمٍ نُّذِقْهُ مِنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ

“Indeed, those who have disbelieved and avert [people] from the way of Allah and [from] al-Masjid al-Haram, which We made for the people, equal are the resident therein and one from outside, and [also] whoever intends [a deed] therein of deviation [in religion] by wrongdoing, We will make him taste of a painful punishment.”

Surah al-Hajj 22:25 Read 22:25 with tafsir

In one of the earliest sermons of those days, perhaps the very morning after the conquest, he ﷺ gathered the people and reminded them what their city is. Allah made Makkah sacred the day He created the heavens and the earth, and it remains sacred until the Day of Judgment. No blood may be shed in it, human or animal; you cannot hunt in it; you cannot even pluck its plants. It was never lawful to fight in before me, nor will it be after me, and for me it was made lawful for only a single hour of a single day. Now that hour is over, and Makkah has returned to its sanctity. Allah warns of a painful punishment for anyone who even intends wrongdoing in His sacred precinct, and the companions took it so much to heart that some would not so much as shoo an insect off their clothes there, unwilling to disturb any creation of Allah in the haram.

Then came the clean-up of a pagan economy. Every home in Makkah held idols and wine, and the city had run a brisk trade carving stones, painting them, and selling them to pilgrims as Makkan idols at a premium. The Prophet ﷺ forbade not only their worship and their drinking but their sale: when Allah forbids a thing, He forbids its price. What is not good for you is not good to hand to someone else. So the idols were smashed and the wine was poured into the streets, and a principle of fiqh was born that students still learn: what is forbidden to use is forbidden to sell.

And he taught them that the law does not bend for rank. A noblewoman of the powerful Banu Makhzum was caught stealing, and her people sent Usama ibn Zayd, the one the Prophet ﷺ loved, to plead that she be let off. He ﷺ was furious: do you intercede in one of the punishments set by Allah? Then he gave the line we all know by heart: by Allah, if Fatima the daughter of Muhammad were to steal, I would cut off her hand. The high and the low stand on one level before the truth. And Aisha tells us the woman lived a good life afterward and would come to her with requests like anyone else, because once a punishment is done, a person is not branded a criminal for the rest of their days.

Allah knows where to place His message

وَإِذَا جَاءَتْهُمْ آيَةٌ قَالُوا لَن نُّؤْمِنَ حَتَّىٰ نُؤْتَىٰ مِثْلَ مَا أُوتِيَ رُسُلُ اللَّهِ ۘ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ حَيْثُ يَجْعَلُ رِسَالَتَهُ ۗ سَيُصِيبُ الَّذِينَ أَجْرَمُوا صَغَارٌ عِندَ اللَّهِ وَعَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ بِمَا كَانُوا يَمْكُرُونَ

“And when a sign comes to them, they say, "Never will we believe until we are given like that which was given to the messengers of Allah." Allah is most knowing of where [i.e., with whom] He places His message. There will afflict those who committed crimes debasement before Allah and severe punishment for what they used to conspire.”

Surah al-An'am 6:124 Read 6:124 with tafsir

Here is the thing about the conquest that the Sheikh wants you to grasp: it changed everything, and not because of a battle. Arabia in those days had no central government, every tribe its own little province, but every Arab agreed on one thing, that Makkah was the holiest city on earth, the city of Ibrahim and Ismail, the city Allah had once shielded from the army of the elephant. The tribes far from the fight had been watching from the sidelines for fifteen years to see how it would end. Their reasoning, as al-Qurtubi records, was simple: if Allah lets this man take the city He once protected, then he is exactly who he says he is.

Dr. Yasir Qadhi reads the wisdom of the choice back to you. You cannot argue with the grandson of Abd al-Muttalib. You cannot accuse a man born and raised in the holiest city of grasping for status he was not owed; he already came from the cream of the cream. His own people had cast him out, and now he had returned and taken his own city, the holiest on earth, on its own terms. Allah is most knowing of where He places His message. He chose this man, in this city, with this lineage, for a reason no rival could ever match.

Entering Allah's religion in crowds

إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ

“When the victory of Allah has come and the conquest,”

Surah an-Nasr 110:1 Read 110:1 with tafsir

وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ أَفْوَاجًا

“And you see the people entering into the religion of Allah in multitudes,”

Surah an-Nasr 110:2 Read 110:2 with tafsir

فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا

“Then exalt [Him] with praise of your Lord and ask forgiveness of Him. Indeed, He is ever Accepting of Repentance.”

Surah an-Nasr 110:3 Read 110:3 with tafsir

And so it happened exactly as Allah had said. From the conquest onward, tribe after tribe, many whose names had never once appeared in the story because they had never once fought, began sending delegations to declare their Islam. No armies marched out to them. They simply came, in such numbers that the next two years are remembered as the Year of Delegations, every second or third day a new tribe arriving at his door. Across a peninsula of hundreds of thousands, paganism was wiped out, all of it inside fifteen years. You will see people entering Allah's religion in crowds: a verse, and then a living thing you could watch happen.

But the Sheikh saves the deepest reading of this surah for last, and it belongs to Ibn Abbas. Years later Umar would seat the teenage Ibn Abbas among the elders of Badr and ask them all what this surah meant. Most said the obvious: when Allah blesses you, thank Him. Then he turned to the boy, who said: they have not spoken correctly. Allah is telling His Prophet ﷺ that when Makkah is conquered, his time on earth is near its end, so prepare to meet Allah with worship and seeking forgiveness. Umar said: that is all I know of it too. The conquest was the pinnacle, and from the pinnacle there is only the descent home. Barely two years later he ﷺ passed away.

Sit with that the way the Sheikh asks you to. The best of all creation, the most generous, the least sinful man who ever lived, is told to meet his death with more prayer and more istighfar. So where does that leave you and me? He was given a hint that his end was near. We will be given no such hint. The only honest response is to begin now.

What even a perfect victory costs

كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَأَغْلِبَنَّ أَنَا وَرُسُلِي ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ

“Allah has written [i.e., decreed], "I will surely overcome, I and My messengers." Indeed, Allah is Powerful and Exalted in Might.”

Surah al-Mujadila 58:21 Read 58:21 with tafsir

He ﷺ sent small parties out from Makkah to invite the nearby tribes and to bring down the great temple idols, and Khalid ibn al-Walid was sent to destroy al-Uzza, whose own custodian flung his axe around her neck and told her to save herself before fleeing. Within days the famous idols of the region were gone. But this greatness was marred by a small tragedy, and the Sheikh is careful: it was not from the Prophet ﷺ, it was a mistake by a brand-new Muslim. Sent to the Banu Jadhima, a tribe that had killed his uncle in the days of ignorance, Khalid arrived to find them reaching for their swords. When others tried to announce their submission they said it clumsily, sabana, sabana, the old word for becoming Sabian, and Khalid, who had not yet been taught that a person's surrender is taken at its word, struck and killed men who should not have been killed. Senior companions like Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf refused his order to keep going, because a leader is obeyed only in what is right.

When the news reached the Prophet ﷺ, he stood, faced the Ka'bah, raised his hands and said: O Allah, I am innocent before You of what Khalid has done. He sent Ali at once with wealth to pay the blood money to every family, generously, and to apologize on his behalf. And when Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf complained of how Khalid had cursed him, the Prophet ﷺ gave the words we always quote: do not curse my companions, for by Allah, were one of you to spend the like of Uhud in gold, he would not reach a handful, or even half a handful, of what they gave. Dr. Yasir Qadhi points to who was being told this. It was said to Khalid, himself a great companion. If Khalid could not reach the rank of the earliest believers, where does that leave the rest of us?

And this is the theology the whole arc has been driving toward. Allah has decreed: I will surely overcome, I and My messengers. The man they tortured and exiled came back in eight years and took the capital of Arabia with almost no blood spilled, and from it the whole land entered Islam. But the seerah has mostly been the downs, the Sheikh reminds you, not the ups. The victory came after the buried children, the broken treaties, the dead at Mu'tah. Allah does not let the effort of the sincere go unrewarded, but He asks for the effort first. One major city still stood near Makkah, the city that had pelted him with stones and that he had once chosen to forgive: Ta'if. And before Ta'if, a valley called Hunayn. That is where the next chapter begins.

A dua from this day

Allahumma inni abra'u ilayka mimma yukrahu rida'uk, allahumma thabbit qulubana ala dinik

O Allah, the victory is Yours and the religion is Yours; keep our hearts firm upon Your faith, and make us of those who enter it wholly, in crowds and alone. And send Your peace and blessings upon Your Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.

What this day teaches

The aftermath of the conquest is almost all law and mercy, not triumph. These threads run straight out of the Sheikh's closing night on Makkah.

  • Mercy keeps its door open to the last.

    A woman who sheltered enemies, a poet who cursed him ﷺ for years: both came in at the end and were welcomed without a single reproach. No one arrives too late, and no past is too dark, while the door is still open.

  • Power is for justice, not revenge.

    He ﷺ would not seize back a house that was lawfully sold, and he would have cut off his own daughter's hand for theft. When you finally have the upper hand, that is exactly when fairness is tested.

  • What is haram to use is haram to profit from.

    The wine was poured out, not quietly sold to outsiders. If a thing is not good for you, it is not yours to hand to someone else for a price. Clean income is part of the faith.

  • Victory comes after the effort, not instead of it.

    The greatest day of the seerah arrived after years of loss. Allah does not throw the reward to those who sit; He asks you to stand, strive, and endure first, and then He does not waste it.

  • Prepare to meet Allah now.

    The best of creation was told at his peak to meet his end with more prayer and more istighfar. He got a hint; we will not. Begin the worship and the seeking of forgiveness today.

Why this day stays with you

The conquest of Makkah ends not with a parade but with a tent, a sermon on mercy and law, blood money paid for a mistake, and a quiet verse telling the Prophet ﷺ his work was nearly done. He had everything now, the holiest city on earth in his hand, the whole peninsula turning toward him, and the first thing Allah asked of him at the summit was more prayer and more istighfar. That is the shape of this faith: the higher you are raised, the lower you bow.

So take the lesson he was told to take. O Allah, keep our hearts firm upon Your religion, gather us in among those who entered it in crowds, and let us meet You busy with Your remembrance and Your forgiveness, the way You taught Your beloved ﷺ to meet You. Send Your peace and Your blessings upon Muhammad ﷺ, who forgave the city that exiled him, and let us follow him through whatever valley comes next. Ameen.

Questions

Who were the last people to embrace Islam at the conquest of Makkah?
The episode highlights two. Umm Hani, the Prophet's ﷺ cousin and Ali's full sister, who embraced Islam at the conquest and sheltered two fleeing in-laws under her personal pledge of protection. And Abdullah ibn al-Zibara, the official poet of the Quraysh who had attacked the Muslims in verse for years, fled to Najran, then returned and accepted Islam; the Prophet ﷺ said he could see the light of faith on him as he approached.
Where did the Prophet ﷺ stay during his days in Makkah, and why not in a house?
He pitched a tent at al-Hujun, a small valley near the Ka'bah, because he had no house to return to: his family's home had passed to relatives who were not Muslim and was later sold, and he would not reclaim lawfully sold property. Al-Hujun was where the Quraysh had once signed the boycott against him, so returning there as the city's master carried a powerful symbolism of Allah's justice. He stayed nineteen days by Bukhari's count.
What did the Prophet ﷺ teach about the sanctity of Makkah after the conquest?
He reminded the people that Allah made Makkah sacred from the creation of the heavens and the earth until the Day of Judgment: no blood may be shed in it, no game hunted, not even its plants disturbed. He said it was made lawful to fight in for only a single hour on the day of the conquest, then returned to its sanctity, and he warned, as in Surah al-Hajj 22:25, against even intending wrongdoing in the haram.
What does Surah an-Nasr have to do with the conquest of Makkah?
Surah an-Nasr describes people entering Allah's religion in crowds, which is exactly what followed the conquest in the Year of Delegations. But Ibn Abbas read it more deeply: Allah was signaling to the Prophet ﷺ that with the conquest accomplished, his time on earth was near its end, and he should prepare to meet Allah with worship and seeking forgiveness. He ﷺ passed away about two years later.
What was Khalid ibn al-Walid's mistake with the Banu Jadhima?
Sent to invite the Banu Jadhima, a tribe with old blood between them and him, Khalid (a brand-new Muslim) misread their clumsy declaration of submission and killed men who should have been spared. The Prophet ﷺ faced the Ka'bah and declared his innocence before Allah of what Khalid had done, then sent Ali with wealth to pay full blood money and apologize. It was in this context that he ﷺ said, 'Do not curse my companions.'

Retold faithfully from Dr. Yasir Qadhi's Seerah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, episode 81: the conquest of Makkah, part 6 (Memphis Islamic Center). Qur'an: Sahih International, verified via quran.ai. The narration is the Sheikh's, the phrasing is Buruja's.

Carry it today

Mercy keeps its door open to the last.

A woman who sheltered enemies, a poet who cursed him ﷺ for years: both came in at the end and were welcomed without a single reproach. No one arrives too late, and no past is too dark, while the door is still open.

What stayed with you?

A private note, kept only on this device. Find it again on your journey page.

Watch the lecture

This retelling is drawn from Dr. Yasir Qadhi's Seerah series. Watch the original on YouTube:

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