All of the Seerah

The Seerah · Day 97 · The Farewell

Maria and Ibrahim

The son he held, the day even the sun was blamed

Years 8 to 10 of the Hijrah Madinah
Retold from Dr. Yasir Qadhi's Seerah seriesWatch the original

This is one of the tender chapters, and one of the hard ones. In the last full year of his life, the Prophet ﷺ was given a son, named him after his own father Ibrahim, carried him through the streets beaming, and then buried him before the boy could walk into his second year. On the day the child died, the sun went dark over Madinah, and the people reached for the most beautiful explanation they could think of. He ﷺ would not let them keep it.

Around this small life sit a few questions that modern readers are made to stumble over. Dr. Yasir Qadhi chooses to walk straight into them rather than around them, the way an honest teacher does when he would rather you hear something true and uncomfortable from someone who loves you than something twisted from someone who does not. So we will tell it the way he tells it: frankly, inside an Islamic frame, and without losing the grief at the center of it.

Why we tell this plainly

Some of this story gets quietly dropped from modern seerah books. In a world before the internet, Sheikh Yasir notes, that silence might have passed for tact. Today it does the opposite. A young Muslim hears one of these reports for the first time from a website built to wound, never from a teacher, and the shock of it shakes loose his faith, not because the report is a lie but because no one ever told him it was there. He has called the Sheikh more than once. Sometimes the young man on the line has already decided he is no longer a believer.

So the choice here is deliberate. Tell it openly, attribute it honestly, and let it stand inside the belief that frames everything: that this man ﷺ was the Messenger of Allah, and that what Allah sanctioned for his time and place was permitted, even where the ummah has long since agreed to leave the practice behind. None of what follows, the Sheikh insists, touches the character of the Prophet ﷺ. It only retires a false picture of him, the superhuman who never wept and never wanted, that was never ours to build.

A gift from Egypt

After Hudaybiyyah, the Prophet ﷺ sent letters to the kings and rulers around him, and one went to the ruler of Egypt, the man the Arabic sources call the Muqawqis. The title is like Caesar or Kisra, not a name, and Egypt then was no independent kingdom: it sat under Byzantine rule, and this man, most likely Cyrus of Alexandria, was a patriarch the Romans had appointed, a genuine theologian still admired in the Greek Orthodox tradition to this day.

We have no record of his reply being preserved the way Caesar's was, but everything in his conduct points one way. He did not tear the letter up. He did not mock it. He answered with courtesy and sent back a small fortune: a thousand measures of gold, fine garments, honey, a mule named Duldul that the Prophet ﷺ would keep and ride, a servant named Mabur, and two Coptic Christian sisters, Maria and Sirin. Reading the polite letter and the lavish gifts, the Prophet ﷺ remarked that this man had safeguarded his rule by his courtesy, but that his rule would not last. He would die a natural death, and his line would end. Within twenty years the Muslims conquered Egypt, and he was indeed its last Byzantine prefect.

A man cannot keep two sisters, so the Prophet ﷺ gave Sirin to the poet Hassan ibn Thabit, and she bore him a son. Maria he kept for himself.

Honest about a hard thing

Here is the part the Sheikh refuses to gloss. Maria and Sirin were not wives. No marriage was contracted; Maria was what the tradition, and the Bible's own vocabulary, calls a concubine, mil al-yamin. She came as a Christian and embraced Islam at some later time we cannot date, and a Muslim woman could never have been taken into that status in the first place. We all carry a bias here, he says, and it is a fair one: we believe this man ﷺ to be a prophet, so we trust that what he did was sanctioned. Someone who does not share that belief, he will not pretend to argue into it.

What he will do is set the world straight. He reads from a modern rabbi answering a Jewish questioner who is disgusted that Solomon used masses of laborers under bondage to build the temple, and the rabbi's honest reply is the same one we must give: history is brutal, and judging the seventh century by the lens of the twenty-first is not fair to anyone who lived in it. Slavery was a near-universal institution; our discomfort with it is two or three centuries old. And the way it lived in Islam was not the way it lived elsewhere. The Sharia forbids outright the enslaving of a free person; there was one narrow channel, captives of a war who were not ransomed, and nothing else. Maria had her own home and was treated with dignity. Sons of such women became caliphs and kings without the faintest stigma. The cruelty of the American plantation, free people hunted and shipped and worked worse than cattle, has no counterpart here.

And it is finished. Sheikh Yasir is blunt: he knows no scholar of our tradition calling for its return. He cites his own late teacher, Sheikh Muhammad, asked during the Bosnian war, a war the world itself ruled legitimate, whether captives could be taken in the old way, answering simply: no, not in our times. What was permitted then the ummah has agreed to move past. That is the frame. Inside it, the grief is allowed to be just grief.

The sword sent to find the truth

Maria was a stranger in a strange land, alone, with little Arabic, and rumors are cheap. Word began to spread that Mabur, the servant who had come with her and was said to be a relation, was visiting her, with everything that whisper was meant to imply. The report is in Sahih Muslim, no obscure corner of the tradition. The Prophet ﷺ gave Ali his sword and sent him to deal with the man, for anything touching the Prophet's household fell to Ali, who was of it.

Ali asked a sharp question before he went. Should he carry out the command like a man who simply obeys, or go as one who uses his own eyes and ears, who sees what an absent commander cannot? Go, he was told, as one who sees and hears. Find out. On that single phrase, Sheikh Yasir notes, scholars divide: some hold the Prophet ﷺ had the right to judge here as no one else does, others, and this is the reading the Sheikh leans toward, that Ali was sent to frighten and to investigate, not to execute, which is exactly why he was told to use his eyes.

Ali found the man, and the man, terrified, was exposed, and it became plain that he had been mutilated, made a eunuch, as some peoples did to their servants, a thing the Sharia forbids absolutely even with a lawful slave. The accusation collapsed on sight. Ali returned and told the Prophet ﷺ there was nothing to it. The rumor died where it stood.

Last night a son was born to me

Late in the eighth year of the Hijrah, Maria gave birth to a boy, and the Prophet ﷺ was overcome with joy. He came to the masjid lit up, and his companions could see it on his face. A son was born to me last night, he told them, and I have named him with the name of my father: Ibrahim. By the time the child came, one can fairly assume, Maria had already entered Islam.

Then he said something about her that opens a window onto the whole subject: her son has set her free. In the Sharia, a concubine who bears her master's child becomes umm walad. The child is fully legitimate, equal to every other child in name and inheritance and standing, and the mother can no longer be sold, transferred, or treated as property; she goes free the moment her master dies. So Islam, Sheikh Yasir observes, was already crowding the institution toward its own end: how do you keep as property the woman who gave you a son? Maria was lifted, by her child, out of the only status she had ever entered.

There was a small competition among the women of the Ansar to nurse the boy, a custom of mutual help that has all but vanished from our time, and one of them was given the role and a stipend for it. Ibrahim lived something under a year and a half. Of that span almost nothing is recorded: no dramatic episode, only a baby, and a father seen carrying him. Sometimes, the Sheikh says, that silence simply means there was nothing more to tell than a man delighting in his son.

The eyes weep, the heart grieves

In the first quarter of the tenth year, with less than a year of his own life remaining, word reached the Prophet ﷺ that the child was dying. He went to Maria's house out in al-Aliya, the quarter of Madinah that still carries the name fourteen centuries on, and some of the companions came with him. He took Ibrahim into his hands. The baby was wheezing, the breath catching, the signs unmistakable. And the tears began to fall down the face of the Prophet ﷺ.

It startled them. You too, Messenger of Allah? one asked, as if to say: even you weep? That shock tells you how rarely they saw it. And he answered with words the ummah has carried ever since. The eye weeps and the heart grieves, but we say only what pleases our Lord. And then, to the child: were it not for the truth that this is a decree that must come to pass, and that the last of us will follow the first, we would have grieved for you far more than this. Ibrahim, you are leaving, but I am coming too, and we will be gathered.

Grief, the Sheikh draws out, was never the thing forbidden. Sabr does not mean an empty face. It governs the tongue and the limbs, not the heart: you may feel the loss fully, you may let the tears come, what you do not do is wail against the decree or strike yourself or ask why this is happening to you. He prayed the janazah over the infant, four times, and Ibrahim was buried in al-Baqi, in a grave still known. Look, the Sheikh says, at how many of his own family this man ﷺ buried, from the start of his life to its end: a father before he was born, his mother, his grandfather, Abu Talib, Khadijah, every one of his children but Fatimah. Ibrahim was the last grief, less than a year before his own.

The day the sun was blamed

مَّا كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ أَبَا أَحَدٍ مِّن رِّجَالِكُمْ وَلَٰكِن رَّسُولَ اللَّهِ وَخَاتَمَ النَّبِيِّينَ ۗ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمًا

“Muḥammad is not the father of [any] one of your men, but [he is] the Messenger of Allāh and seal [i.e., last] of the prophets. And ever is Allāh, of all things, Knowing.”

Surah al-Ahzab 33:40 Read 33:40 with tafsir

On the very day Ibrahim died, within hours of the child's passing in the morning, the sun went into eclipse over Madinah. The eclipse is recorded in Bukhari and Muslim. And the people did what grieving people do: they found the kindest meaning. The sun itself, they said, is mourning the Prophet's ﷺ son; the heavens are veiling their light for his sorrow. The news ran through the city.

Here is the moment, and Sheikh Yasir holds you on it, because it is one of the clearest proofs of the man's sincerity in the whole seerah. He had everything to gain by saying nothing. Let them believe the cosmos wept for his child; what does it cost him? But he could not, because he was a teacher of the truth before he was a grieving father. He gathered the people and delivered a sermon, recorded in Bukhari and Muslim: the sun and the moon are two of the signs of Allah. They do not eclipse for the death of anyone, nor for anyone's birth. When you see this, turn to the remembrance of Allah and pray. On the day he could most easily have accepted a miracle in his own honor, he refused it and called it a coincidence. A false prophet does not do that.

And there was a deeper reason the boy could not grow to be a man, written before he was even born. The ayah had come down already, in Surah al-Ahzab, and notice its precision: Allah did not say the Prophet ﷺ was father to no child. He said he was not the father of any of your rijal, your grown men. A rijal is by definition a man come of age. Had Ibrahim lived to manhood the words would have broken; instead the child remained what the Arabic so exactly leaves room for, a boy who never reached it. Some companions said that had Ibrahim lived he would have been a prophet, and Sheikh Yasir takes that as their own reflection, not a saying of the Prophet ﷺ, and adds a wisdom of his own: there was a mercy in his leaving no surviving son. Look at the strife that grew even around the Prophet's ﷺ line through his daughter; a living male heir would have become a throne, and faith was never meant to pass by blood. Whoever's deeds hold him back, the Prophet ﷺ said, his lineage will not push him forward.

A human being, and no sin in it

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكَ ۖ تَبْتَغِي مَرْضَاتَ أَزْوَاجِكَ ۚ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ

“O Prophet, why do you prohibit [yourself from] what Allāh has made lawful for you, seeking the approval of your wives? And Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.”

Surah at-Tahrim 66:1 Read 66:1 with tafsir

One last report belongs to Maria, and it is in the Qur'an itself, so there is no leaving it aside. It is told in Bukhari and elsewhere. One day, with Hafsa away, the Prophet ﷺ had Maria with him in Hafsa's room, and Hafsa returned sooner than expected and saw Maria leaving. She was hurt and angry, in my house and on my day, and he ﷺ kept gentling her until, to settle it, he swore he would not go near Maria again: I have made her forbidden to myself. He asked Hafsa to keep it between them. She went and told Aisha.

Sheikh Yasir does not dress this up, and he does not let it wound you either. There was nothing unlawful in any of it. Maria was lawful to him; Hafsa had every right to feel what a wife feels; the co-wives, Hafsa and Aisha, were close one day and at odds the next, as the human heart is. What the episode dismantles is only the false picture: a Prophet ﷺ who never desired, never relented under a wife's distress, never moved a beloved away to keep the peace, as he moved Maria out to al-Aliya. He did all of these, and none of them is a sin. He is the perfect human, but a human, and that is precisely what makes him reachable.

Then Allah revealed the opening of Surah at-Tahrim, gently correcting him for forbidding to himself what Allah had made lawful merely to please a wife, and ordaining the expiation that frees an oath. The surah went on to address the two wives directly, that their hearts had inclined, that if they backed one another against him then Allah was his protector, and Gabriel, and the righteous of the believers, and the angels after that. If Allah had wished this private, the Sheikh points out, He would have kept it private; instead He made it Qur'an, because there is something in it for us. Ibn Abbas, a boy of twelve or thirteen then, waited years for the chance to ask Umar who the two women were, and when he finally caught him alone and asked, Umar, with the honesty of a man naming his own daughter, told him: Hafsa and Aisha. So the Prophet ﷺ broke the oath, gave the expiation, and Maria returned to him. The man at the center of it never did anything wrong. He was only, gloriously, real.

A dua from this day

Allahumma la mani'a lima a'tayta wa la mu'tiya lima mana'ta

O Allah, none can withhold what You give, and none can give what You withhold. To You belongs what You have taken, and what You have given. With You is its appointed term. So grant us patience and the reward of those who endure.

What this day teaches

A grieving father, a falling tear, and a refusal to lie even for comfort. These threads run straight out of the Sheikh's telling.

  • Tears are not weakness.

    The companions were startled to see the Prophet ﷺ weep, as if grief were beneath him. It was not. The eye weeps and the heart grieves; sabr lives in the tongue and the hands, not in a stone face. You are allowed to feel the loss fully.

  • Say only what pleases your Lord.

    Over his dying son, he ﷺ gave the words his ummah still says at every graveside: we say only what pleases our Lord. Grief that does not curse the decree is the highest patience there is.

  • Refuse the comfortable lie.

    He could have let Madinah believe the sun mourned his child. It would have cost him nothing and flattered him plainly. He refused, because he taught the truth before he served himself. Choose the true thing over the flattering one.

  • Don't build a Prophet ﷺ who never existed.

    The false picture, a man who never wept and never wanted, is the one that shatters when a hard report arrives. The real one, who buried his children and still smiled at a newborn, is unbreakable. Love the Messenger ﷺ the tradition actually hands you.

  • Lineage saves no one.

    There was a mercy in his leaving no surviving son: faith was never meant to pass by blood. Whoever's deeds hold him back, he ﷺ said, his lineage will not push him forward. Your descent earns you nothing; your deeds earn you everything.

Why this day stays with you

We are almost at the end of his life now, and this is one of the entries that makes him most reachable. A man who was handed a son in his sixties and could not stop smiling. A father who wept openly over a wheezing infant and was startled to be asked why. A teacher who, on the worst morning, with the easiest miracle in the world being offered to him, stood up and gave it back, because the truth mattered more than his comfort. Nothing here diminishes him ﷺ. It is the opposite: a superhuman you cannot weep beside, but this man you can.

So sit with the smaller, harder lessons of the day. That you are allowed your tears. That patience is not a dry eye but a guarded tongue. That you owe the truth even when a kinder story is right there for the taking. And that the one you follow ﷺ buried nearly everyone he loved and still met his Lord saying only what would please Him. O Allah, send Your peace upon Muhammad ﷺ, who said the eye weeps and the heart grieves; gather us and our own losses with him in the gardens where no child is buried and no eclipse falls; and when our turn comes, let us say only what pleases You. Ameen.

Questions

Was Maria the Copt a wife of the Prophet ﷺ?
No. Sheikh Yasir is careful here: no marriage was contracted, so Maria was not one of the Mothers of the Believers. She came as a Christian gift from the ruler of Egypt and held the status the tradition calls mil al-yamin, a concubine. She embraced Islam at a time we cannot date, bore the Prophet ﷺ his son Ibrahim, and by that became umm walad, freed at her master's death. She died a Muslim a few years after the Prophet ﷺ and was buried in al-Baqi.
How long did Ibrahim, the son of the Prophet ﷺ, live?
He was born late in the eighth year of the Hijrah and died in the first quarter of the tenth year, living something under a year and a half, less than a year before the Prophet ﷺ himself passed away. He was buried in al-Baqi in Madinah, in a grave still known today.
What did the Prophet ﷺ say when Ibrahim died?
As the infant lay dying in his hands, his tears fell, and when a companion was surprised to see him weep he said: the eye weeps and the heart grieves, but we say only what pleases our Lord. He added that were it not for the certain decree, and the truth that the living will follow those who have gone, he would have grieved far more. It teaches that sabr governs speech and conduct, not the feeling of grief itself.
Why did the Prophet ﷺ deny that the eclipse was for Ibrahim's death?
A solar eclipse fell on the day Ibrahim died, and the people said the sun was mourning the Prophet's ﷺ son. He gathered them and preached, as recorded in Bukhari and Muslim, that the sun and the moon are signs of Allah that do not eclipse for anyone's death or birth, and told them to pray and turn to Allah when they see it. He refused a miracle that would have honored him because he taught the truth above his own grief, which Sheikh Yasir highlights as a clear sign of his sincerity.
What does Surah at-Tahrim have to do with this episode?
When Hafsa found Maria in her room and was hurt, the Prophet ﷺ swore to keep away from Maria to please her and asked Hafsa to keep it private; she told Aisha. Allah then revealed the opening of Surah at-Tahrim (66:1-4), gently correcting the Prophet ﷺ for forbidding to himself what Allah had made lawful, ordaining the expiation of an oath, and addressing the two wives. Sheikh Yasir reads it as proof of his humanity: nothing unlawful occurred, only a very human household moment that Allah chose to make Qur'an for our benefit.

Retold faithfully from Dr. Yasir Qadhi's Seerah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, episode 97: Maria the Copt and the death of Ibrahim (Memphis Islamic Center, 2014). Qur'an: Sahih International, verified via quran.ai. The narration is the Sheikh's, the phrasing is Buruja's.

Carry it today

Tears are not weakness.

The companions were startled to see the Prophet ﷺ weep, as if grief were beneath him. It was not. The eye weeps and the heart grieves; sabr lives in the tongue and the hands, not in a stone face. You are allowed to feel the loss fully.

What stayed with you?

A private note, kept only on this device. Find it again on your journey page.

Watch the lecture

This retelling is drawn from Dr. Yasir Qadhi's Seerah series. Watch the original on YouTube:

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